PROFINET (Process Field Network) is an open industrial Ethernet standard developed by PROFIBUS & PROFINET International (PI) to meet the demands of modern industrial automation. Launched in 2001, it integrates real-time communication, distributed I/O, and seamless integration with existing fieldbus systems , making it a cornerstone of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing.

In the field of wireless communication, the choice of modulation method is critical for signal transmission efficiency and anti-interference capability. OOK (On-Off Keying), ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying), FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), and PSK (Phase Shift Keying) are common digital modulation techniques. This article details their characteristics and application scenarios, combined with relevant product models from EBYTE.

Superheterodyne is a radio reception technology whose core principle involves converting a received high-frequency signal into a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) signal through mixing with a local oscillator signal. This IF signal is then amplified, filtered, and demodulated to extract useful information.

Cat5 (Category 5) was a dominant standard in early Ethernet cabling, characterized by a maximum transmission speed of 100Mbps and a bandwidth of 100MHz, with a transmission distance limit of 100 meters. Physically, Cat5 typically consists of 4 unshielded twisted pairs (UTP) with copper conductors of 24AWG or 26AWG. Lacking additional shielding, it offers weak resistance to electromagnetic interference (EMI), making it suitable only for low-interference environments.

gehören zu den gängigsten physischen Schnittstellen in lokalen Netzwerken (LAN) RJ45 Stecker und werden häufig in Netzwerkkabeln, Routern, Switches und anderen Geräten verwendet. Hinter der scheinbar einfachen Kunststoffschnittstelle verbergen sich strenge Farbcoderegeln, standardisierte Pinbelegungen und Verdrahtungstechniken, die die Netzwerkkonnektiität bestimmen. Dieser Artikel konzentriert sich auf die Farbcodes, Pinbelegungen, T568A/T568B-Standards und Verdrahtungstechniken von RJ45-Steckern, um den Lesern ein umfassendes Verständnis dieser grundlegenden Netzwerkkomponente zu vermitteln.

A superheterodyne module​ is a compact electronic component that implements superheterodyne reception technology, widely used in wireless communication systems to receive and process radio frequency (RF) signals.

In an era defined by interconnected systems and borderless communication, global connectivity has become the backbone of modern technology. From smart cities to industrial IoT, the ability to accurately locate, track, and synchronize devices across continents is no longer a luxury but a necessity.

Operational amplifiers and comparators, while structurally related, serve distinct roles in electronics. Op-amps excel at precise analog signal manipulation with feedback, while comparators prioritize speed and digital threshold detection.

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) communication, a critical wireless communication technology, plays a pivotal role in modern communication systems. Its core concept is to transmit signals by rapidly switching between multiple frequency channels.

Two common signal types are Digital Input/Output (also known as switching signals ) and serial signals (typically referring to serial communication signals).

Therefore, we recommend the EBYTE E78 LoRaWAN module, which performs excellently in the 10km ultra-long-distance communication for cattle and sheep locator collars.

This article will focus on "RJ45 connector color codes, pin layouts, T568A/T568B standards, and wiring techniques" to help readers fully understand this fundamental network component.

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, LoRaWAN technology is increasingly being used in remote data transmission.

A low-pass filter (LPF) is an electronic filter that allows low-frequency signals to pass through while suppressing or attenuating high-frequency signals. It finds extensive applications in electronic circuits and signal processing.

With the rising energy costs and increasingly severe environmental issues, the energy efficiency of commercial buildings has become an important concern. As one of the most energy - consuming devices in commercial buildings, optimizing the energy efficiency of air - conditioning systems is particularly crucial.