PROFINET (Process Field Network) is an open industrial Ethernet standard developed by PROFIBUS & PROFINET International (PI) to meet the demands of modern industrial automation. Launched in 2001, it integrates real-time communication, distributed I/O, and seamless integration with existing fieldbus systems , making it a cornerstone of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing.
In the field of wireless communication, the choice of modulation method is critical for signal transmission efficiency and anti-interference capability. OOK (On-Off Keying), ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying), FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), and PSK (Phase Shift Keying) are common digital modulation techniques. This article details their characteristics and application scenarios, combined with relevant product models from EBYTE.
Superheterodyne is a radio reception technology whose core principle involves converting a received high-frequency signal into a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) signal through mixing with a local oscillator signal. This IF signal is then amplified, filtered, and demodulated to extract useful information.
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) are often used interchangeably, but they refer to different concepts in satellite navigation technology. Understanding the distinction between GNSS and GPS is crucial for anyone involved in fields that rely on satellite positioning, such as aviation, maritime navigation, land surveying, and even consumer electronics like smartphones and car navigation systems
Cat5 (Category 5) was a dominant standard in early Ethernet cabling, characterized by a maximum transmission speed of 100Mbps and a bandwidth of 100MHz, with a transmission distance limit of 100 meters. Physically, Cat5 typically consists of 4 unshielded twisted pairs (UTP) with copper conductors of 24AWG or 26AWG. Lacking additional shielding, it offers weak resistance to electromagnetic interference (EMI), making it suitable only for low-interference environments.
In modern electronic devices, audio modules play a crucial role, especially in scenarios such as smart homes, wireless alarm systems, and intelligent voice systems. As an important component of audio modules, speakers directly impact user experience through their performance and application.
gehören zu den gängigsten physischen Schnittstellen in lokalen Netzwerken (LAN) RJ45 Stecker und werden häufig in Netzwerkkabeln, Routern, Switches und anderen Geräten verwendet. Hinter der scheinbar einfachen Kunststoffschnittstelle verbergen sich strenge Farbcoderegeln, standardisierte Pinbelegungen und Verdrahtungstechniken, die die Netzwerkkonnektiität bestimmen. Dieser Artikel konzentriert sich auf die Farbcodes, Pinbelegungen, T568A/T568B-Standards und Verdrahtungstechniken von RJ45-Steckern, um den Lesern ein umfassendes Verständnis dieser grundlegenden Netzwerkkomponente zu vermitteln.
The ESP8266 is a low-cost, low-power Wi-Fi microcontroller chip designed by Espressif Systems Pte. Ltd. It integrates a complete TCP/IP protocol stack, enabling internet connectivity via Wi-Fi, and communicates with external devices through serial ports.
A superheterodyne module is a compact electronic component that implements superheterodyne reception technology, widely used in wireless communication systems to receive and process radio frequency (RF) signals.